题目描述

给定两个非负整数A，B，请你计算 A / B的商和余数。

输入格式
共两行，第一行包含整数A，第二行包含整数B。

输出格式
共两行，第一行输出所求的商，第二行输出所求余数。

数据范围
1≤A的长度≤100000,
1≤B≤10000
B 一定不为0

输入样例：
7
2
输出样例：
3
1

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思路

 除法的思路
 数组A[]: 1  2  6
 数b      25
 模拟过程
 初始化余数r = 0
 ((r = 0) * 10 + (A[0] = 1)) / 25 = 0 ... r = 1
 ((r = 1) * 10 + (A[1] = 2)) / 25 = 0 ... r = 12
 ((r = 12) * 10 + (A[2] = 2)) / 25 = 5 ... r = 1
 A遍历完，得到商和余数

 初始化余数r = 0
 计算乘法r = r * 10 + A[i]    其中A[i]为数组中的第i个数, b为数, r用来存储当前的结果
 计算结果值               r / 10 
 计算余数，用于下次计算   r = r / 10

vector<int> C;
r = 0;
for(int i = A.size() - 1; i >= 0; i --){
    r = r * 10 + A[i];
    C.push_back(r / b);
    r %= b;
}

reverse(C.begin(), C.end());
// 126 / 25 = 005 ... 1. 从C中去除00
while(C.size() > 1 && C.back() == 0) C.pop_back();
return C;

java

import java.util.Scanner;
public class Main{
    static int r;
    public static void main(String[] args){
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        String a = sc.next();
        int b = sc.nextInt();
        char[] A = new char[a.length()];
        for(int i = a.length() - 1; i >= 0; i --) A[a.length() - 1 - i] = a.charAt(i);
        String res = div(A, b);
        System.out.println(res);
        System.out.println(r);
    }

    public static String div(char[] A, int b){
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
        r = 0;
        for(int i = A.length - 1; i >= 0; i --){
            r = r * 10 + A[i] - '0';
            sb.append(r / b);
            r %= b;
        }
        String s = sb.toString();
        int i = 0;
        for(; i < s.length()- 1; i++){
            if(s.charAt(i) != '0') break;
        } 
        return s.substring(i, s.length());
    }
}

python

r = 0; #记录余数
def div(A, b):
    C = list()
    global r
    r = 0
    i = 0
    for i in range(len(A) - 1, -1, -1):
        r = r * 10 + A[i]
        C.append(int(r / b))
        r %= b
    while(len(C) > 1 and C[0] == 0):
        C.pop(0)

    return C
def main():
    A = list(map(int, input()))
    b = int(input())
    A = A[::-1]
    res = div(A, b)
    print(''.join(map(str, res)))
    print(r)
main()

c++

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>

using namespace std;

vector<int> div(vector<int> &A, int b, int &r){
    vector<int> C;
    r = 0;
    for(int i = A.size() - 1; i >= 0; i --){
        r = r * 10 + A[i];
        C.push_back(r / b);
        r %= b;
    }

    reverse(C.begin(), C.end());
    while(C.size() > 1 && C.back() == 0) C.pop_back();
    return C;
}

int main(){
    string a;
    int b;
    cin >> a >> b;
    vector<int> A;
    for(int i = a.size() - 1; i >= 0; i --) A.push_back(a[i] - '0');

    int r;
    auto C = div(A, b, r);
    for(int i = C.size() - 1; i >= 0; i --) printf("%d", C[i]);
    cout << endl << r << endl;
    return 0;
}