实现微服务：匹配系统知识点汇总下

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实现微服务：匹配系统知识点汇总下

作者：

清晨轻尘 , 2023-05-09 22:33:28 , 所有人可见 , 阅读 363

3

3

本节实现功能

实现匹配系统的微服务，并通过父级项目进行管理两个微服务

思路细化

新建父级项目
因为父级项目没有逻辑只是管理两个微服务，所以整理父级项目，删除父级项目的src，配置父级项目的pom
两个微服务模块的创建，先创建匹配微服务模块
对匹配微服务的pom进行配置，还有端口的配置
匹配微服务已经创建完成，现在要搭建匹配微服务的功能
在匹配微服务中创建一个service，impl，controller，由于匹配玩家可以点击开始匹配，也可以点击取消匹配，所以应当实现的逻辑为添加一名用户和删除一名用户(也就是开始和取消)
由于Spring Cloud是http请求，所以可能会接收到用户的伪请求，matchingsystem只能对于后端请求，因此需要防止外部请求，通过Spring Security来实现权限控制(也就是在创建的SecurityConfig中修改只能后端访问的链接)
通过导入配置信息实现相应的功能，分别导入父级导入，匹配微服务导入，入口启动配置(也就是后端的启动)
创建网页后端模块，直接将原本的网页后端src复制过来，再导入相应的配置
两个模块基本创建完毕，下面要实现两个后端之间的通信，先是网页后端向匹配后端发送信息所以创建RestTemplate类进行通信
在WebSocketServer中封装游戏开始的startGame，将游戏开始与开始匹配独立开来
为了提高人的体验感，所以给人加上战力，通过战力进行匹配，修改user数据库，加上rating，在bot数据库删去rating，对后端相应的代码进行更改
通过网页后端向匹配微服务发送请求，所以要在网页后端中实现开始匹配和取消匹配，通过Map储存信息并发往匹配微服务和对应链接下的操作
然后就是匹配微服务接受信息并处理，然后再发往网页后端
在接受信息时引入依赖lombok maven，在匹配时要用到用户的三个信息，id，rating，等待时间
创建匹配池(service/impl/utils/MatchingPool)，实现相关的匹配逻辑
匹配服务接受网页后端的请求(添加用户匹配或用户取消匹配)，创建这两个类，同时通过这两个类向匹配池发送信息
启动匹配线程
匹配微服务通过创建matchingsystem/config/RestTemplateConfig类，将信息发送给网页后端
网页后端接受匹配微服务反馈的信息，同样在网页后端创建一个service，impl，controller，接受匹配微服务传过来的用户的id
在网页后端通过SecurityConfig实现权限控制的放行
为了增强程序的稳定性，对于用户非法离开不能继续匹配时进行特判(也就是看匹配微服务师傅能正常传入用户的id)

实现匹配系统的微服务

微服务概念及本项目匹配思路

每个服务是一个独立的程序，每个服务之间可以相互通信。此项目中，BackEnd 和 MatchSystem都是一个微服务！
当BackEnd接收到玩家开始匹配的请求，BackEnd会想MatchSystem发送http请求，通知MatchSystem开始匹配，
MatchSystem会单独开一个线程开始匹配，匹配逻辑为：每秒都会扫描匹配池中的所有玩家，判断玩家能否相互匹
配，若能，则发送http请求给BackEnd。此项目使用的微服务技术是Spring Cloud。Spring Cloud技术涉及的
很多不只是服务间的相关通信，还包括网关、负载均衡等优化配置，由于项目并发量没那么大，因此未使用这些技
术。

Spring Cloud和Thrift的区别

Spring Cloud：每个服务都是一个Server，每个Server相互通信使用的是http协议。
Thrift：用Thrift生成的微服务，BackEnd与服务之间的通信为Socket协议，比http快一些。

1. 新建微服务父级项目
2. 整理父级项目

删除父级项目的src，父级项目没有逻辑，只是管理backend backnedcloud 两个微服务
配置父级项目的pom

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.7.2</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.kob</groupId>
    <artifactId>backendcloud</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>backendcloud</name>
    <description>backendcloud</description>
    <!-- 修改处1 -->
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 修改处2 -->
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.cloud/spring-cloud-dependencies -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>2021.0.3</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <!-- 修改处3 -->
                <version>2.7.2</version>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

新建模块matchisystem
matchingsystem 的pom管理

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>backendcloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.kob</groupId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.kob.matchingsystem</groupId>
    <artifactId>matchingsystem</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <!-- 修改处 -->
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <modules>
        <module>matchingsystem</module>
    </modules>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.7.2</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.kob</groupId>
    <artifactId>backendcloud</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>backendcloud</name>
    <description>backendcloud</description>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- 删除了两个srping boot dependency -->

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.cloud/spring-cloud-dependencies -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
            <version>2021.0.3</version>
            <type>pom</type>
            <scope>import</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.7.2</version>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

端口的配置

在matchingsystem下找到resource创建application.properties，将端口号修改 server.port=3001

3. 匹配系统的搭建

创建接口(创建一个MatchingService)

matchingsystem/service/MatchingService.java

package com.kob.matchingsystem.service;

public interface MatchingService {

    String addPlayer(Integer userId, Integer rating);

    String removePlayer(Integer userId);
}

实现接口(创建一个MatchingServiceImpl)

matchingsystem/service/impl/MatchingServiceImpl.java

package com.kob.matchingsystem.service.impl;

import com.kob.matchingsystem.service.MatchingService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class MatchingServiceImpl implements MatchingService {

    @Override
    public String addPlayer(Integer userId, Integer rating) {
        System.out.println("Add Player: " + userId + " " + rating);
        return "add player success";
    }

    @Override
    public String removePlayer(Integer userId) {
        System.out.println("Remove Player: " + userId);
        return "Remove player success";
    }
}

控制器

matchingsystem/controller/MatchingController.java

package com.kob.matchingsystem.controller;

import com.kob.matchingsystem.service.MatchingService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.util.MultiValueMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.Objects;

@RestController
public class MatchingController {
    @Autowired
    private MatchingService matchingService;

    // 参数不能使用普通map，MultiValueMap和普通map的区别时，这个是一个键对应多个值
    @PostMapping("/player/add/")
    public String addPlayer(@RequestParam MultiValueMap<String, String> data) {
        Integer userId = Integer.parseInt(Objects.requireNonNull(data.getFirst("user_id")));
        Integer rating = Integer.parseInt(Objects.requireNonNull(data.getFirst("rating")));
        return matchingService.addPlayer(userId, rating);
    }

    @PostMapping("/player/remove/")
    public String removePlayer(@RequestParam MultiValueMap<String, String> data) {
        Integer userId = Integer.parseInt(Objects.requireNonNull(data.getFirst("user_id")));
        return matchingService.removePlayer(userId);
    }
}

权限控制

由于Spring Cloud是http请求，所以可能会接收到用户的伪请求，matchingsystem只能对于后端请求，因此需要防止外部请求，通过Spring Security来实现权限控制。

导入配置

父级导入

backendcloud/pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>backendcloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.kob</groupId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.kob.matchingsystem</groupId>
    <artifactId>matchingsystem</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 此处修改 -->
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-security -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
            <version>2.7.1</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

匹配微服务导入

matchingsystem/config/SecurityConfig.java

package com.kob.matchingsystem.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.config.http.SessionCreationPolicy;

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.csrf().disable()
                .sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS)
                .and()
                .authorizeRequests()
                // 放行这两个接口
                .antMatchers("/player/add/", "/player/remove/").hasIpAddress("127.0.0.1")
                .antMatchers(HttpMethod.OPTIONS).permitAll()
                .anyRequest().authenticated();
    }
}

入口启动配置

matchingsystem/MatchSystemApplication.java

package com.kob.matchingsystem;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class MatchSystemApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(MatchSystemApplication.class, args);
    }
}

可以简单测试一下

4. 后端转化成微服务
创建一个新的模块backend
将backend的src目录删掉，将原本后端的src目录复制过来
* 对backend pom进行修改

backend/pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>backendcloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.kob</groupId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.kob.backend</groupId>
    <artifactId>backend</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-jdbc -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>2.7.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.24</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.29</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.baomidou/mybatis-plus-boot-starter -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.baomidou/mybatis-plus-generator -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-plus-generator</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-security -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
            <version>2.7.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.jsonwebtoken/jjwt-api -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
            <artifactId>jjwt-api</artifactId>
            <version>0.11.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.jsonwebtoken/jjwt-impl -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
            <artifactId>jjwt-impl</artifactId>
            <version>0.11.5</version>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.jsonwebtoken/jjwt-jackson -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
            <artifactId>jjwt-jackson</artifactId>
            <version>0.11.5</version>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.penggle</groupId>
            <artifactId>kaptcha</artifactId>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
                    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
            <version>2.3.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-websocket -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId>
            <version>2.7.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba/fastjson -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.11</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

5. 实现后端两个微服务之间的通信
* 封装startGame

package com.kob.backend.consumer;

// 1.删除以下两个包
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArraySet;

@Component
@ServerEndpoint("/websocket/{token}")
public class WebSocketServer {
    ...

    // 2.删除matchingPool变量

    ...

    @OnClose
    public void onClose() {
        // 关闭链接
        System.out.println("disconnected!");
        if(this.user != null) {
            users.remove(this.user.getId());
            // 3. 删除取消匹配逻辑
        }
    }

    // 4.抽取匹配成功后的逻辑为一个函数
    public static void startGame(Integer aId, Integer bId) {
        User a = userMapper.selectById(aId), b = userMapper.selectById(bId);
        Game game = new Game(13, 14, 20, a.getId(), b.getId());
        game.createMap();
        // 一局游戏一个线程，会执行game类的run方法
        game.start();

        users.get(a.getId()).game = game;
        users.get(b .getId()).game = game;

        JSONObject respGame = new JSONObject();
        // 玩家的id以及横纵信息
        respGame.put("a_id", game.getPlayerA().getId());
        respGame.put("a_sx", game.getPlayerA().getSx());
        respGame.put("a_sy", game.getPlayerA().getSy());
        respGame.put("b_id", game.getPlayerB().getId());
        respGame.put("b_sx", game.getPlayerB().getSx());
        respGame.put("b_sy", game.getPlayerB().getSy());
        respGame.put("map", game.getG());

        // 发送给A的信息
        JSONObject respA = new JSONObject();
        respA.put("event", "start-matching");
        respA.put("opponent_username", b.getUsername());
        respA.put("opponent_photo", b.getPhoto());
        respA.put("game", respGame);
        // 通过userId取出a的连接，给A发送respA
        users.get(a.getId()).sendMessage(respA.toJSONString());

        // 发送给B的信息
        JSONObject respB = new JSONObject();
        respB.put("event", "start-matching");
        respB.put("opponent_username", a.getUsername());
        respB.put("opponent_photo", a.getPhoto());
        respB.put("game", respGame);
        // 通过userId取出b的连接，给B发送respB
        users.get(b.getId()).sendMessage(respB.toJSONString());
    }

    // 5.删除原先匹配逻辑，把匹配的逻辑交给另一个服务，服务成功后再调用startGame函数开始游戏逻辑
    private void startMatching() {
        System.out.println("start matching!");
    }

    // 6.删除取消匹配逻辑
    private void stopMatching() {
        System.out.println("stop matching");
    }

    ...
}

配置RestTemplate(后端两个微服务实现通信需要依靠这个配置类)

RestTemplate是Spring提供的用于访问Rest服务的客户端，RestTemplate提供了多种便捷访问远程Http服务的方法,能够大大提高客户端的编写效率。

backend/config/RestTemplateConfig.java

package com.kob.backend.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@Configuration
public class RestTemplateConfig {

    @Bean
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

修改数据库，在user中引入rating，在bot中删除rating(通过rating进行排名)
修改相应的代码

backend/pojo/User.java

package com.kob.backend.pojo;

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.IdType;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableId;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class User {
    @TableId(type = IdType.AUTO)
    private Integer id;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private String photo;
    private Integer rating;
}

backend/pojo/Bot.java

package com.kob.backend.pojo;

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.IdType;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableId;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonFormat;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

import java.util.Date;

@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class Bot {
    @TableId(type = IdType.AUTO)
    private Integer id;
    private Integer userId;
    private String title;
    private String description;
    private String content;
    @JsonFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss", timezone="Asia/Shanghai")
    private Date createtime;
    @JsonFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss", timezone="Asia/Shanghai")
    private Date modifytime;
}

backend/service/impl/user/account/RegisterServiceImpl.java

package com.kob.backend.service.impl.user.account;

...

@Service
public class RegisterServiceImpl implements RegisterService {
    ...

    @Override
    public Map<String, String> register(String username, String password, String confirmedPassword) {
        ...

        // 修改处：增加rating为1500的分数
        User user = new User(null, username, encodedPassword, photo, 1500);

        ...
    }
}

backend/service/impl/user/bot/AddServiceImpl.java

package com.kob.backend.service.impl.user.bot;

...

@Service
public class AddServiceImpl implements AddService {
    @Autowired
    private BotMapper botMapper;

    @Override
    public Map<String, String> add(Map<String, String> data) {
        ...

        Bot bot = new Bot(null, user.getId(), title, description, content, now, now);

        ...
    }
}

backend/service/impl/user/bot/UpdateServiceImpl

package com.kob.backend.service.impl.user.bot;

...

@Service
public class UpdateServiceImpl implements UpdateService {
    @Autowired
    private BotMapper botMapper;

    @Override
    public Map<String, String> update(Map<String, String> data) {
        ...

        Bot new_bot = new Bot(
                bot.getId(),
                user.getId(),
                title,
                description,
                content,
                bot.getCreatetime(),
                new Date()
        );

        ...
    }
}

在backEnd中发送给匹配微服务添加玩家和删除玩家的请求

backend/consumer/WebSocketServer.java

package com.kob.backend.consumer;

...

import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;
import org.springframework.util.MultiValueMap;
import org.springframework.util.LinkedMultiValueMap;

@Component
@ServerEndpoint("/websocket/{token}")
public class WebSocketServer {
    private static RestTemplate restTemplate;
    private final static String addPlayerUrl = "http://127.0.0.1:3001/player/add/";
    private final static String removePlayerUrl = "http://127.0.0.1:3001/player/remove/";

    ...

    @Autowired
    public void setRestTemplate(RestTemplate restTemplate) {
        WebSocketServer.restTemplate = restTemplate;
    }

    private void startMatching() {
        System.out.println("start matching!");
        MultiValueMap<String, String> data = new LinkedMultiValueMap<>();
        data.add("user_id", this.user.getId().toString());
        data.add("rating", this.user.getRating().toString());
        restTemplate.postForObject(addPlayerUrl, data, String.class);
    }

    private void stopMatching() {
        System.out.println("stop matching");
        MultiValueMap<String, String> data = new LinkedMultiValueMap<>();
        data.add("user_id", this.user.getId().toString());
        restTemplate.postForObject(removePlayerUrl, data, String.class);
    }

    ...
}

测试一下

6. 匹配微服务的实现
* 引入依赖lombok maven

matchingsystem/pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>backendcloud</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.kob</groupId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.kob.matchingsystem</groupId>
    <artifactId>matchingsystem</artifactId>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-starter-security -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
            <version>2.7.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 修改处 -->
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.24</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

匹配服务也有玩家的概念,创建一个Player类

matchingsystem/service/impl/utils/Player.java

package com.kob.matchingsystem.service.impl.utils;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Player {
    private Integer userId;
    private Integer rating;
    private Integer waitingTime;
}

匹配服务接受网页后端的请求(添加玩家或删除玩家)

matchingsystem/service/impl/MatchingServiceImpl.java

package com.kob.matchingsystem.service.impl;

...

import com.kob.matchingsystem.service.impl.utils.MatchingPool;

@Service
public class MatchingServiceImpl implements MatchingService {
    public static final MatchingPool matchingPool = new MatchingPool();

    @Override
    public String addPlayer(Integer userId, Integer rating) {
        System.out.println("Add Player: " + userId + " " + rating);
        matchingPool.addPlayer(userId, rating);
        return "add player success";
    }

    @Override
    public String removePlayer(Integer userId) {
        System.out.println("Remove Player: " + userId);
        matchingPool.removePlayer(userId);
        return "Remove player success";
    }
}

发送消息给backEnd消息配置类：RestTemplate.java

matchingsystem/config/RestTemplateConfig

package com.kob.matchingsystem.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@Configuration
public class RestTemplateConfig {

    @Bean
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

创建匹配池

匹配池：匹配分数最接近的玩家，根据匹配时间增长，匹配范围逐渐增大。
操作：包括添加玩家，删除玩家，匹配玩家，发送给后端匹配成功的结果。
策略：为了防止匹配时间过长，优先将先匹配的玩家优先匹配，防止用户流失。

matchingsystem/service/impl/utils/MatchingPool.java

package com.kob.matchingsystem.service.impl.utils;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.LinkedMultiValueMap;
import org.springframework.util.MultiValueMap;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

// 匹配池是多线程的
@Component
public class MatchingPool extends Thread {
    private static List<Player> players = new ArrayList<>();
    private ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();
    private static RestTemplate restTemplate;
    private static final String startGameUrl = "http://127.0.0.1:3000/pk/start/game/";

    @Autowired
    public void setRestTemplate(RestTemplate restTemplate) {
        MatchingPool.restTemplate = restTemplate;
    }

    public void addPlayer(Integer userId, Integer rating) {
        // 在多个线程(匹配线程遍历players时，主线程调用方法时)会操作players变量，因此加锁
        lock.lock();
        try {
            players.add(new Player(userId, rating, 0));
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }

    public void removePlayer(Integer userId) {

        // 在多个线程(匹配线程遍历players时，主线程调用方法时)会操作players变量，因此加锁
        lock.lock();
        try {
            List<Player> newPlayers = new ArrayList<>();
            for(Player player : players) {
                if(!player.getUserId().equals(userId)) {
                    newPlayers.add(player);
                }
            }
            players = newPlayers;
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }

    private void increaseWaitingTime() {    // 将所有当前玩家的等待时间 + 1
        for(Player player : players) {
            player.setWaitingTime(player.getWaitingTime() + 1);
        }
    }

    private boolean checkMatched(Player a, Player b) {  // 判断两名玩家是否匹配
        // 获取两名分差
        int ratingDelta = Math.abs(a.getRating() - b.getRating());
        // min: 若取min则代表两者分差都小于 等待时间 * 10，实力差距最接近
        // max: 若取max则代表有一方分差小于 等待时间 * 10，实力差距可能会大
        int waitingTime = Math.min(a.getWaitingTime(), b.getWaitingTime());
        return ratingDelta <= waitingTime * 10;
    }

    private void sendResult(Player a, Player b) {   // 返回匹配结果
        System.out.println("send result: " + a + " " + b);
        MultiValueMap<String, String> data = new LinkedMultiValueMap<>();
        data.add("a_id", a.getUserId().toString());
        data.add("b_id", b.getUserId().toString());
        restTemplate.postForObject(startGameUrl, data, String.class);
    }

    private void matchPlayers() {   // 尝试匹配所有玩家
        System.out.println("match players: " + players.toString());
        // 标记是否被匹配
        boolean[] used = new boolean[players.size()];

        // 先枚举等待最久的玩家，恰好是players前面的玩家等待的的久
        for(int i = 0; i < players.size(); i++) {
            if(used[i]) continue;
            // i只要和比i大的匹配，就正好所有玩家匹配一次
            for(int j = i + 1; j < players.size(); j++) {
                if(used[j]) continue;
                Player a = players.get(i), b = players.get(j);
                if(checkMatched(a, b)) {
                    used[i] = used[j] = true;
                    sendResult(a, b);
                    break;
                }
            }
        }

        List<Player> newPlayers = new ArrayList<>();//存放所有没有被匹配上的用户
        for(int i = 0; i < players.size(); i++) {
            if(!used[i]) {
                newPlayers.add(players.get(i));
            }
        }
        players = newPlayers;
    }

    @Override//每秒实现匹配
    public void run() {
        while(true) {
            try {
                Thread.sleep(1000);
                // 涉及到操作players变量，加锁；
                lock.lock();
                try {
                    increaseWaitingTime();
                    matchPlayers();
                } finally {
                    lock.unlock();
                }
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

启动匹配线程

matchingsystem/MatchSystemApplication.java

package com.kob.matchingsystem;

import com.kob.matchingsystem.service.impl.MatchingServiceImpl;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class MatchSystemApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MatchingServiceImpl.matchingPool.start();   // 启动匹配线程
        SpringApplication.run(MatchSystemApplication.class, args);
    }
}

7. 网页后端接受匹配微服务的消息
* 创建接口

backend/service/pk/StartGameService.java

package com.kob.backend.service.pk;

public interface StartGameService {

    String startGame(Integer aId, Integer bId);
}

实现接口

backend/service/impl/pk/StartGameServiceImpl.java

package com.kob.backend.service.impl.pk;

import com.kob.backend.consumer.WebSocketServer;
import com.kob.backend.service.pk.StartGameService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class StartGameServiceImpl implements StartGameService {

    @Override
    public String startGame(Integer aId, Integer bId) {
        System.out.println("start gameL: " + aId + " " + bId);
        WebSocketServer.startGame(aId, bId);
        return "start game success";
    }
}

控制器

backend/controller/pk/StartGameController.java

package com.kob.backend.controller.pk;

import com.kob.backend.service.pk.StartGameService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.util.MultiValueMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.Objects;

@RestController
public class StartGameController {
    @Autowired
    private StartGameService startGameService;

    @PostMapping("/pk/start/game/")
    public String startGame(@RequestParam MultiValueMap<String, String> data) {
        Integer aId = Integer.parseInt(Objects.requireNonNull(data.getFirst("a_id")));
        Integer bId = Integer.parseInt(Objects.requireNonNull(data.getFirst("b_id")));
        return startGameService.startGame(aId, bId);
    }
}

权限控制(对Match System服务放行接口)

package com.kob.backend.config;

...

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
    ...

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.csrf().disable()
                .sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS)
                .and()
                .authorizeRequests()
                // 放行这两个接口
                .antMatchers("/user/account/token/", "/user/account/register/").permitAll()
                .antMatchers("/pk/start/game/").hasIpAddress("127.0.0.1")   // 增加此行
                .antMatchers(HttpMethod.OPTIONS).permitAll()
                .anyRequest().authenticated();

        http.addFilterBefore(jwtAuthenticationTokenFilter, UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);
    }

    ...
}

增加程序的稳定性：若一方停电或者断网,加以特判

backend/consumer/WebSocketServer.java

package com.kob.backend.consumer;

...

@Component
@ServerEndpoint("/websocket/{token}")  // 注意不要以'/'结尾
public class WebSocketServer {
    ...

    public static void startGame(Integer aId, Integer bId) {
        User a = userMapper.selectById(aId), b = userMapper.selectById(bId);
        Game game = new Game(13, 14, 20, a.getId(), b.getId());
        game.createMap();
        // 一局游戏一个线程，会执行game类的run方法
        game.start();

        if(users.get(a.getId()) != null)//特判是不是因外影响而导致不能匹配
            users.get(a.getId()).game = game;

        if(users.get(b.getId()) != null)
            users.get(b .getId()).game = game;

        JSONObject respGame = new JSONObject();
        // 玩家的id以及横纵信息
        respGame.put("a_id", game.getPlayerA().getId());
        respGame.put("a_sx", game.getPlayerA().getSx());
        respGame.put("a_sy", game.getPlayerA().getSy());
        respGame.put("b_id", game.getPlayerB().getId());
        respGame.put("b_sx", game.getPlayerB().getSx());
        respGame.put("b_sy", game.getPlayerB().getSy());
        respGame.put("map", game.getG());

        // 发送给A的信息
        JSONObject respA = new JSONObject();
        respA.put("event", "start-matching");
        respA.put("opponent_username", b.getUsername());
        respA.put("opponent_photo", b.getPhoto());
        respA.put("game", respGame);
        // 通过userId取出a的连接，给A发送respA
        if(users.get(a.getId()) != null)
            users.get(a.getId()).sendMessage(respA.toJSONString());

        // 发送给B的信息
        JSONObject respB = new JSONObject();
        respB.put("event", "start-matching");
        respB.put("opponent_username", a.getUsername());
        respB.put("opponent_photo", a.getPhoto());
        respB.put("game", respGame);
        // 通过userId取出b的连接，给B发送respB
        if(users.get(b.getId()) != null)
            users.get(b.getId()).sendMessage(respB.toJSONString());
    }

    ...
}

backend/consumer/utils/Game.java

package com.kob.backend.consumer.utils;

...

public class Game extends Thread {
    ...

    private void senAllMessage(String message) {
        if(WebSocketServer.users.get(playerA.getId()) != null)
            WebSocketServer.users.get(playerA.getId()).sendMessage(message);
        if(WebSocketServer.users.get(playerB.getId()) != null)
            WebSocketServer.users.get(playerB.getId()).sendMessage(message);
    }

    ...
}

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App 内打开

实现微服务：匹配系统 知识点汇总下

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思路细化

实现匹配系统的微服务

父级导入

匹配微服务导入

入口启动配置

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实现微服务：匹配系统知识点汇总下