import sys

def read(conv = None):
    """
    usage:
        l = read()
        i = read(int)
    """
    l = next(sys.stdin)
    return conv(l) if conv else l

def read_list(conv = None):
    """
    usage:
        list_of_int = read_list(int)
    """
    return [conv(x) if conv else x for x in next(sys.stdin).split()]